Untitled (Wen et al.)
AI features AI processing Algorithm influences User efficacy Ethical consideration Threat appraisal
AI features AI processing Algorithm influences User efficacy Ethical consideration Threat appraisal
Critical understanding Artificial intelligence social impact recognition Artificial intelligence technology utilization Ethical behavior
Use & apply AI Know & understand AI Detect AI AI ethics AI self-efficacy (problem solving) AI self-competency (persuasion literacy, emotion regulation)
Knowing and understanding AI Applying AI Evaluating AI application AI ethics
Technical understanding Critical appraisal Practical application
AI readiness Confidence Anxiety Literacy Relevance
Understanding Use Evaluation Ethics
Affective learning (intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy/ confidence) Behavioral learning (behavioral commitment and collaboration) Cognitive learning (know and understand; apply, evaluate and create) Ethical learning